近日兩名港英高級餘孽先後失言,一次比一次大鑊。昨日煲呔用人民走向極端,比喻作為文革,亂發謬論,教壞學生。
現今的民主發展,最普遍的民主制度只得兩種《直接民主》和《代議民主》,以下是維基對民主的節錄:
直接民主—又稱為純粹民主,是一種人們直接投票決定政府政策的制度,例如決定是否接受或廢除某種法案。之所以稱為直接是因為決策的權力直接由人們所行使,而不經過任何媒介或代表。在歷史上,這種形式的政府相當少見,因為在實踐上要將人們全部聚集起來投票相當困難,所花費的成本和時間都非常高昂。所有直接民主都屬於較小型的共同體,例如城邦。最值得注意的是古代的雅典民主。並且法治在現代明文的普世價值中是在民主政制之上的,無論《直接民主》或《代議民主》都要依法辦事的。無法治就算有民主也是枉然,變成泰國這種怪胎民主,政府隨時被泰皇及軍人推翻。
代議民主則是較常被採用的制度,之所以稱為代議制是因為人們並非直接投票決定政府政策,而是選出民意代表來參與政府實體或議會。民意代表可能是由全體選民選出(如比例代表制)或代表特定的區域(通常是依據地理劃分的選舉區),一些制度則混合了這兩種方式。許多代議民主制也結合了一些直接民主的成分,例如公民投票。
因為中國從來沒有民主,任何人也不能說出從什麼方法才能做到領導人的職位,中國才會出現權鬥,毛澤東為奪權自製文革鬧劇。當時社會不但無民主,連法治也失去,無法無天,不能保障人民的生命安全及私有財產。難道煲呔口中的人民走向極端便是這樣嗎?
英文原文:-
Host: I was struck by one phrase at the end of the policy address, towards the end of the conclusion, you say, we promote democratic development without compromising social stability or government efficiency, that kind of implies that democratic development does compromise social stability or government efficiency?
Donald Tsang: It can, it can, if we go to the extreme, people go to the extreme, and you have a cultural revolution, for instance, in China. When people take everything into their hands, then you cannot govern the place. And eh, the similar thing is...for instance...
Host: But Cultural Revolution wasn't really an extreme example of democracy.
Donald Tsang: What is it? People taking power into their own hands! Now, this is what it means by democracy, if you take it to the full swing. In other democracies, even if you have an elected person, then you overturn the policy in California, for instance, you have initiative number, number, number what, then you overturn policy taken by the government, that's not necessarily conducive to efficient government.